The Garden of Eden

Question: Compose a Biblical Exegesis on The Garden of Eden? Answer: Presentation As per the standpoint of Schachter (2013), the Genesis (3:1-13) The Garden of Eden manages The Fall and Banishment from the Garden of Eden of both Adam and Eve. At first, when Lord made Garden of Edens, at that point everything was acceptable and great. Around then there were no difficulties, religion and legislative issues and Lord used to deal with everything. In this way, Lord thought of making man and lady and in this manner Adam and Eve were the main man and lady made on the Earth. According to referenced in Genesis 2:18, 23-25, after production of man and lady God thought of guiding marriage among man and lady (Sweeney, 2012). Be that as it may, God accentuated fundamentally on the 3 sorts of relationship that manages Unique Personal Relationship among God and Man. Notwithstanding this Lord has likewise underscored on the connection between a man and his significant other that will be gone before by other human connections between them. Furthermore, in conclusion God all underl ined on connection among man and different manifestations of God that are made under his Sovereignty (Morrow, 2012). Brief Synopsis of the content This task will manage the Sin that has been finished by the man and lady in the Garden of Even alongside the results. Besides the Trust of Man in Lord just as Gods Deep Love for Mankind and in conclusion The Fall of the Garden of Eden alongside Expulsion from Garden of Eden will likewise be talked about distinctively Bradshaw (2013). The principle characters are Lord, Adam, Eve and the Serpent. After formation of man and lady alongside the Knowledge Tree which was illegal by Lord himself to Adam and Eve. Rulers love for Mankind From the assessment of Swidler (2011) the Lord made individuals and furthermore talented Garden of Eden for living alongside different sorts of animals. As the nursery was made, it was required to ensure the Garden to the most extreme degree. God offered powers to humanity that screens and guarantees the assurance of the nursery to the most extreme degree. Additionally according to remarked by Hooker (2014) Lord likewise made numerous trees and has offered opportunity to man so as to approach all the trees aside from one. This tree was known as Knowledge Tree that was hence a snake beguiled the lady to have apple from that tree and feed the man. This prompted the decimation and furthermore prompted the holding among God and people. Beginning 3:1-13 The Fall Since Lord has taboo man and lady to approach the Knowledge Tree, so the man and lady never eaten products of that tree. Around then, from the assessment of Sweeney (2012), the world was a superior spot to remain and it was liberated from all sort of legislative issues. Indeed, even the Lord has said that the man and lady will eat the natural products from the Knowledge Tree, they will bite the dust. Therefore both man and lady never went towards the tree nor had natural products from that point for which everything was going as needs be and very much controlled. As referenced by Morrow (2012), the Serpent which was more cunning than whatever other creatures that Lord has given hoodwinked Eve. He asked Eve whether Lord has prohibited them to eat natural products from the Garden. Eve answered that Lord has allowed to have organic products from each other tree in the nursery aside from the one that is arranged in the nursery. This is on the grounds that, according to the Lords remark o n the off chance that they will eat the products of that tree or even touch it that will prompt their passing (Hooker, 2014). In any case, the snake told the lady that they won't kick the bucket according to the Lords remark, however they themselves will become God and will likewise know the great and the awful and the contrast between them. According to referenced by Schachter (2013) falling on the snare of the snake, Eve was completely beguiled and overlooked the expressions of Lord. Eve took a gander at the product of the tree and accordingly it looked great and satisfying to eye and so as to pick up astuteness, she took a portion of that leafy foods rest part she provided for her significant other. The man alongside his better half ate it and this brought about opening of their eyes. Bradshaw (2013) remarked on the basic certainty that, this brought about acknowledgment that both were stripped before one another and thus sewed a portion of the fig leaves so as to cover them up. Not long after that, both the couple tuned in to the sound of Lord going for a stroll in the nursery. According to referenced i n the Genesis, both the couple took cover behind the tree for not standing up to Lord. As per the perspective of Swidler (2011), Lord rang them however the man answered that they heard him in the nursery and as in light of the fact that they got alarmed as on the grounds that they were bare, so they took cover behind the trees. Ruler asked him why he realizes that he is bare and afterward out of nowhere asked whether he has eaten the natural products from the tree which was extraordinarily illegal by him. In the answer, the man said that the lady with whom the Lord has put him with has given him a few organic products from that tree which the two of them ate (Hooker, 2014). After that the Lord asked the lady with respect to what she has done. At this, the lady answered that it was the snake that misled her and requested that her eat the apple. After this, from the perspective of Bradshaw, (2013), the Lord has reviled the snake and informed that among all the creatures, the snakes will creep on the stomach and will take care of from the residue for a mind-blowing remainder. In addition, Lord additionally reviled the snake that he will put a hostility among snakes and lady and furthermore between their off springs. The snakes head will be slammed and strike at the head and at their heels. As indicated by the perspective of Sweeney (2012), the Lord additionally reviled the man and said that since the tuned in to his significant other and ate the natural product that was taboo, he will be drudging hard for an amazing remainder and will take care of from its yield. After that the Lord provided to them with the skin pieces of clothing with which they concealed themselves. After that according to referenced by Schachter (2013), the Lord even referenced that the man has likewise become like Lord and in this way knows the great and the underhandedness. This brought about the banishing them from the Garden of Eden and hence thus the ousted them from returning into the nursery. Thus, Adam and Eve left the nursery with the weight of transgression and regret of their responsibility. End This task managed the making of people and different creatures by Lord alongside the making of Garden of Eden. The Lord requested that they have natural products from all the trees aside from one that will give information to them. However, the lady came into the expressions of a snake and had tragically had that natural product by both the couple. This brought about the opening of their eyes and they understood that they are exposed. Indeed, even they dreaded just as felt avoid the Lord that brought about the expulsion from The Garden of Eden. References Bradshaw, J. M. (2013). The Tree of Knowledge as the Veil of the Sanctuary. Rising the Heap of the Lord: Temple, Praise, and Worship in the Old Testament, 49-65. Schachter, L. (2013). The Garden of Eden as God's First Sanctuary. Jewish Bible Quarterly, 41(2), 73. Swidler, L. (2011). The Garden of Eden Story-Source of Often Mis-Read Wisdom: A Jewish Christian Dialog. Diary of Ecumenical Studies, 46(2), 143. Sweeney, M. A. (2012). The Good and Evil Serpent: How a Universal Symbol Became Christianized. Diary of the American Academy of Religion, lfr092. Hooker, P. K. (2014). Book survey: Inhabiting Eden: Christians, the Bible, and the Ecological Crisis, composed by Patricia K. Tull. Skylines in Biblical Theology, 36(1), 91-94. Morrow, J. (2012). Work as Worship in the Garden and the Workshop: Genesis 13, the Feast of St. Josephthe Worker, and Liturgical Hermeneutics. Logos: A Journal of Catholic Thought and Culture, 15(4), 159-178.

GLOBAL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1- Essay

Worldwide BUSINESS MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1- - Essay Example Another significant part of worldwide business is that the impulses of the current occasions require adaptability in the work belief system and working, accordingly making it basic that new abilities and procedures are developed to address the rising difficulties with productivity and unrivaled capability. Goldberg effectively deciphers advanced education and says, ‘academic believing is incredible and usable over prolonged stretch of time frames’ (1996). The examination would furnish the experts with more extensive points of view of the changing ideal models of the business condition and help encourage better choices to address the rising difficulties in the elements of new business conditions. One can hence, presume that the investigation in global business would consistently fill in as worth expansion to any workplace. Charles Hill’s attestation that ‘Countries have diverse political, financial, and legitimate systems†¦ All these distinctions can and do have significant ramifications for the act of universal business’ (Hill, 2004) is totally right. In the quickly changing condition of globalization, the organizations have become increasingly serious in this manner making it compulsory for them, just as for the working power to turn out to be progressively adaptable and quickly adjust to the changing advancements and workplaces. Another angle that has risen because of globalization is that of expanded portability that requires the consistently expanding requirement for adaptability of time and spot particularly when the business is spread over the various nations. The non advertise factors have immediate and backhanded effect on the general execution and activity of the firm. ‘These are portrayed by 4Is: issues, establishments, interests and information’ (Baron, p2, 1995). Extensively they are the socio-world of politics inside which the firm needs to work. The job of government guidelines and political elements consolidated

Herbal Remedies for OCD and Anxiety Disorders

Herbal Remedies for OCD and Anxiety Disorders OCD Treatment Print Herbal Remedies for OCD and Anxiety Disorders By Owen Kelly, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Richard Fogoros, MD on July 29, 2015 Richard N. Fogoros, MD, is a retired professor of medicine and board-certified internal medicine physician and cardiologist. He is Verywells Senior Medical Advisor. Learn about our Medical Review Board Richard Fogoros, MD Updated on January 11, 2020 Avalon_Studio / Getty Images More in OCD Treatment Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Types Living With OCD Related Conditions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Alternative Medicine and Herbs for OCD Is a Dietary Supplement Right for You? Side Effects of Herbal Remedies Other Complementary Therapies View All Back To Top Alternative medicines such as herbal remedies have been growing in popularity in both Europe and North America, especially as treatments for anxiety disorders  such as obsessive-compulsive disorder  (OCD). Alternative Medicine and Herbs for OCD What nutritional supplements have been studied for OCD, specifically, and what has been learned? Find out more, below. St. John’s Wort Although the effectiveness of St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum) in treating depression and other forms of mental illness is controversial, St. John’s Wort has been widely used (and in some cases, licensed) in Europe for decades to treat mood and anxiety disorders. In animal studies, hypericumâ€"the chemical thats thought to be the key ingredient in St. John’s Wortâ€"appears to affect the serotonin system. Disruptions in the serotonin system are thought to be important in the development of symptoms of OCD. Given that antidepressant medications such as Paxil  (paroxetine) and Anafranil (clomipramine) that target the serotonin system are also effective in treating OCD, it has been suggested that St. John’s Wort could be an alternative therapy for reducing OCD symptoms. The evidence that St. John’s Wort is an effective treatment for OCD is limited. A case study using only one patient suggested that St. John’s Wort was effective in reducing symptoms. A second, slightly larger study using 12 people with OCD found that St. John’s Wort produced a significant reduction in symptoms that were similar to what would be expected with treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor  (SSRI) antidepressant medication. Neither study, however, properly accounted for the placebo effect. In both cases, the people participating in the research studies were told upfront that they were going to be receiving St. John’s Wort in the hopes of reducing their OCD symptoms. Simply knowing that they were receiving a potentially beneficial treatment could have been enough to cause people to feel better. Studies evaluating the effectiveness of medications should include a placebo treatment group that receives a “sugar pill” that is inactive and could not possibly account for any reduction in symptoms. By using a placebo treatment, it is possible to tell if the actual drug had an effect or not. It is also important that neither the researchers nor the study participants know who is receiving what treatment until the study is over to avoid bias. A medical study in which neither the patient nor the physicians know who is using the medication or supplement and who is receiving a placebo is called a double-blind study. At least one  randomized-controlled trial  looked at whether St. John’s Wort was effective in reducing OCD symptoms. In this study, 60 people randomly received either St. John’s Wort or a placebo. At the end of the study, the reduction in OCD symptoms among those who took St. John’s Wort was no different than it was in those who received the placebo. Results like this lead to questions about the effectiveness of St. Johns Wort as a treatment for OCD. Milk Thistle (Silybum Marianum) Milk thistle is an herbal remedy that has long been used in Iran. In 2010, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared the effects of milk thistle to that of the antidepressant Prozac (fluoxetine) in treating OCD (600 milligrams of milk thistle vs 30 milligrams of Prozac daily). It was found that there was no significant difference between milk thistle and Prozac with respect to control of OCD symptoms. N-Acetylcysteine N-Acetylcysteine is an amino acid that moderates glutamine in the brain (it helps produce glutathione). A single study of a single person found that N-acetylcysteine augmented (improved) the actions of the SSRI Luvox (fluvoxamine), resulting in a significant decrease in OCD symptoms. 5-HTP and Inositol Since the dysregulation of serotonergic and glutamatergic pathways in the brain appears to occur with OCD, other herbs that work in this pathway have also been considered for their possible benefits. Some of these include 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and ?inositol. Is a Dietary Supplement Right for You? Currently, there is limited evidence that herbal remedies like those mentioned above are beneficial in reducing the severity of OCD symptoms; however, more research is needed in this area. Most herbal remedies are available at drugstores without a prescription. However, its important to talk to your doctor before taking any supplement. In addition to having side effects, many of these nutritional supplements can interfere (enhance or decrease) the actions of prescription medications. Side Effects of Herbal Remedies Although many consumers believe that herbals are safer and have fewer  adverse effects than prescription medications do, herbals like St. John’s Wort are not regulated as closely as conventional medications are and they may cause unpleasant or even dangerous side effects in some people. For example, Kava, an herbal medication  thats used to reduce anxiety has been banned or restricted in some countries after suggestions that it may cause liver problems in some individuals. Herbals can also interfere with prescription medications that you may already be taking. For example, if you are currently taking an SSRI to treat OCD, it essential that you consult your treating physician before taking St. John’s Wort as it could affect your body’s ability to metabolize it. This could lead to a problem known as serotonin syndrome. Other Complementary Therapies Dont forget: Beyond supplements, lifestyle interventions such as  mindfulness meditation,  acupuncture, and  yoga may be effective as well. Unfortunately, there have been few clinical trials looking at these interventions for people with OCD and those that have been done are of fairly poor quality. Yet, unlike prescription drugs and herbal medications, lifestyle interventions rarely have significant side effects and may also help reduce stress. The Best Online Therapy Programs

Police Brutality Of The United States - 1376 Words

A topic that is very prominent at this time in social media and mainstream media is the presence of police brutality in the United States. Two instances in the news recently are the disputes that resulted in the deaths of Eric Garner and Michael Brown. On July 17, 2014, a plainclothes officer for the New York Police Department stopped Eric Garner on the street and attempted to take him into custody. After Garner resisted arrest, the police officer placed him in an apparent chokehold—a move that is banned by the NYPD. In an amateur video of the dispute, Garner can be heard claiming that he could not breathe. The struggle continued, and complications led to his death. The medical examiner’s report noted that Garner’s asthma, obesity, and cardiovascular disease were contributing factors to his death. However, the cause of his death was the compression of his neck and chest from the chokehold—his death was ruled a homicide (NBC New York, 2014). A nationwide outrage followed Garner’s death as the video spread on social media websites. The conversation of excessive force in police departments, as well as the factor of race in these instances, was further explored after the death of Michael Brown. There is still a great deal of controversy surrounding the exact circumstances in Ferguson, Missouri, but this much is known for certain; On August 9, 2014, an interaction between unarmed Michael Brown and Officer Darren Wilson ended in the death of Brown. With conflicting stories fromShow MoreRelatedPolice Brutality And The United States Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesPolice brutality in the United States has escalated in recent times. To develop a peaceful environment amongst human beings, one of the main topics to look at is human rights. While more often than not, police brutality violates the concept of human rights it is still a very important task to discuss the topic and create possible solutions to such a concerning and threatening issues in the United States. In this case, statistics is a very important factor that is required to display how serious ofRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1479 Words   |  6 Pages Police Brutality in the United States University of Nebraska Kearney Colton Blankenship Abstract This research paper is an overview of police brutality in the United States. The paper covers what police brutality is and the definition. The information about police brutality is expanded about what is reasonable and excessive use of force an officer can use. Information is included about the thoughts of what the citizens feel about police brutality. Among the white andRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1286 Words   |  6 PagesPolice brutality continues to be one of the most serious and contentious violations of human rights in the United States. The unreasonable amount of force used by police officers prevails because of a lack of accountability. This makes it feasible for officers who do violate human rights to get off clean and recommit the violation. A sad fact is that police and/or public officials deny time after time any claims of human rights violations, claiming it was an abnormality, when they should be takingRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesAssault Being a minority in the United States has never been easy and does not seem to be getting any better. Minorities have been exposed to violence by law enforcement for many decades. Law enforcement s are tasked with protecting and serving its citizens, not to harass and assault them. Police brutality is a continuous problem in the United States and officers need to be accountable for their actions. This research project will examine how police brutality often leads to death because of someRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States1415 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Brutality Police abuse is one of the most violated human rights in the United States. Police are portrayed as heroes that stop bank robbers, stop kidnappings and catch murders, but as of recent year’s police actions have come into the public eye. While typically citizens worry about their safety from criminals, it also seems they have to keep an eye out for the people who are supposed to protect them from danger. Thousands of complaints about police brutality is reported each year, and seemsRead MorePolice Brutality And The United States1630 Words   |  7 Pages Police Brutality is an ongoing problem and existent concern in the United States and should be resolved immediately. 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Police brutality is a continuous problem in the United States and officers need to be accountable for their actions. This research project will examine how police brutality often leads to death because of some officersRead MorePolice Brutality Of The United States Essay2135 Words   |  9 PagesThe United States is facing a continuous wide spread of police brutality from the past to today. TV Networks, newspapers/magazines, bloggers and forums are getting involved into the discussion about police brutality. After a father bought a t oy gun for his son for his birthday, his son went outside to play and a police officer saw him with the gun not knowing it was a toy and shot him several times. This incident occurred in Sonoma County in October 2013. Something close to that happened in November

Analysis Of Owen s Poem Anthem For Doomed Youth

In Owen’s poem, â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth†, the speaker meditates on both the brevity and value of life. From the very beginning of the poem, it is evident that Owen (the author and speaker) has a negative view of the war, believing that the political powers that are using the soldiers do not value them either as people or as soldiers, either when they are living or as they die. As he reflects on how little effort is put forth to honor the death of the soldiers with funeral rites, he also ponders the question of whether the political powers value the soldiers simply as a means to an end instead of as human beings. He believes the government is disingenuous when they claim that he and his fellow soldiers have any value. Several of Owen’s images are of a religious nature, alluding to specific Christian burial traditions, indicating that he values those beliefs. By drawing to mind those images, which in the era he was writing, would have brought with them a rem inder of a God who values all life, Owens creates a contrast between the reality of war and the expectations of a civil society, and bolsters his case that disrespectful treatment of the soldiers bodies demonstrates they also had no value in life. This tension between the expectations of society and the reality of war is demonstrated immediately in the title. The first word, â€Å"Anthem† suggests a hymn or song of praise. Instead the youth receive nothing but the sounds of war. The anthem for these doomed youth is theShow MoreRelatedAnthem for Doomed Youth - Analysis1143 Words   |  5 PagesAnthem for Doomed Youth - Analysis The very title that Wilfred Owen chose for his war poem, Anthem for Doomed Youth is an apt representation of what he wanted the poem to encapsulate and the emotions he wanted to evoke in the readers. The word anthem and doomed youth is a stark juxtaposition when placed in the same sentence. An anthem is supposed to be something revered, something that represents the glory of a country and is bursting with national pride. However, when placed rightRead MoreEssay about WWI Sources1632 Words   |  7 Pagesbetter understand the facts, feeling and context of the home front and battlefield of World War One. Autobiographies, diaries, letters, official records, photographs and poems are examples of primary sources from World War One. The two primary sources analyzed in this essay are the poems, â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† by Wilfred Owen and â€Å"In Flanders Fields† by John McCrae. Primary sources are often personal, written from the limited perspective of a single individual. It is very difficult for the authorRead MoreThe History of The Old Lie and Poetry of Wilfred Owen2490 Words   |  10 PagesThe History of The Old Lie and Poetry of Wilfred Owen Dulce et Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori is a Latin saying that was expressed by the roman poet Horace. It means It is sweet and fitting to die for your country. When Owen wrote his poetry based on his experience of the Great War he did not agree with this saying; he wrote poetry that was full of horror yet told the truth. Therefore he called this saying the old lie. Owen called it this because war was no longer skilfulRead MoreWild Geese By Mary Oliver1581 Words   |  7 PagesWild Geese† by Mary Oliver, is a poem that speaks deeply to many types of people with different personalities. This poem encourages the reader to let go of their shame of guilt and rather they should follow their heart, find the beauty, and become one with nature. Each and every one of us has a place on this earth, and although we all go through times of despair, the sun keeps shining and the earth keeps turning. When reading â€Å"Wild Geese† by Mary Oliver, I imagine the speaker being someone who has

Abstract Views on Military Retention Free Essays

string(49) " major incentive to serve in a reserve capacity\." The words â€Å"material† and â€Å"personnel† are abstractions, but the weapons systems and the devoted human beings organized to make and use them are real. Reducing the size of the military also means ending jobs and forcing career changes on many people who deserve better from their nation. However, it has become apparent that many of today’s military members separate voluntarily. We will write a custom essay sample on Abstract Views on Military Retention or any similar topic only for you Order Now This research project seeks to inform the debate on military retention by examining the evidence for separations from military service into civilian community. The objective is to identify what factors have the most weight in separation decisions, as well as the factors that have the most weight for those deciding not to separate from the service. Over the past year, members of the armed services have been separating at an alarming rate. In an effort to combat the mass exodus of people from the uniformed ranks, the government has turned to the use of re-enlistment and extension bonuses, increased pay, and numerous other incentives, but has had little success. A common response from people leaving the armed forces is that the decision to leave has nothing to do with money, but rather other â€Å"quality of life† issues. What then are some of the major factors influencing people†s decisions to leave? For those who have decided to stay, is it because of the incentives recently offered, or would they have stayed anyway? There are several different factors involving the economy that may possibly have an effect for the status of the military population. The job shortfall in the lagging U. S. economy is now some 8 to 10 million; cuts in the military services will contribute an additional half million job seekers a year by the year 2000, substantially increasing the need for job creation. Has the military encouraged career-minded personnel in overstaffed job specialties to leave voluntarily (thus minimizing the lump-sum severance payment or a long-term annuity)? Are the programs as generous as the pay and benefits that military personnel are eligible for if they retire after 20 years of service? Because the Pentagon has announced that no one with 15 years or more of service would be dismissed before hitting the 20-year mark, few people with 15 years to 20 years of service have opted to leave. The 15-20 year group includes 225,000 officers and senior enlisted personnel – 12 percent of the active-duty force. Active-duty military personnel are not vested with retirement benefits until they have served for 20 years. Once vested, they can draw sizable annuities for life, often starting in their mid-40s, while they begin second careers. Can this be yet another reason for low retention rates? Are there differences between different service departments? Differences between officers and enlisted personnel, male/female, rank, education level, or the number of dependents of member has? All of these areas will be explored and discussed within the text. After combining personal experiences and views of our group, conducting a group survey, and analyzed the results of our research, it was not difficult to conclude that military retention is a growing problem. There are many reasons for this, but the most stressed issues have been those which impact quality of life. The quality of life issues have become so well known that it affects recruiting efforts of all branches of the military. The following will discuss some recent literary reviews and government statements concerning retention in the military, along with the problem of retention, some reasons for the problem, and some possible solutions that are now being established. As stated earlier, issues concerning quality of life seem to be the most important when it comes to retention in the military. For those members of the military who complete their first term successfully and whose performance warrants retention consideration, quality of life factors are important. Surveys have been able to document links between retention and quality of life. In January 1999, Maj. Gen. Donald A. Lamontagne, from Peterson Air Force Base, Co. , addressed the Air Force Space Command Public Affairs in saying that â€Å"We†ve been trying to fix pilot retention with more money, but that†s not the problem. It†s going back and forth to the desert that†s causing the problems, and what†s happening is we are losing pilots faster than we can train them. Last year we lost out pilots at a rate of two every day. Somehow we have to stabilize this. † Military personnel are tired of being deployed for months at a time with very little notice and also want benefits and retirements enhanced and secured. Although compensation was not the leading factor in decisions to leave the military, there is a significant gap between military and civilian compensation that needs to be addressed, as this will aid in recruitment and retention. Government budget cutbacks are also a problem, not only for reasons such as personnel benefits and retirements; for example, the Air Force alone has a $5 billion shortfall in their budget for spare-parts. This makes it very difficult to accomplish and build a world-class Air Force for the future, and lowers the morale of its members. Recruiting and retention issues are not just active duty issues. The National Guard and reserve forces also face these same challenges. Yet, here again, these members face a continuing challenge to benefits. The AFSA (Air Force Sergeants Association), is trying to preserve one guard/reserve benefit that has paid good dividends: the current practice of providing 15 days of fully paid â€Å"military leave† to federal civil servants who are also in the guard or reserve. One administration proposal will, in effect, cost most members their military pay by limiting the total compensation to the higher of civilian pay or military pay, versus the current practice of paying both. It is believed that any such limitation will significantly harm recruiting and retention of those who are civil servants. In particular, former (already trained) military members who become civil servants would lose a major incentive to serve in a reserve capacity. You read "Abstract Views on Military Retention" in category "Essay examples" Those civil servants with no prior military service will lose a major incentive to join the reserves. Equally as important is the unknown effect this change will have on civilian employers† support that is currently provided to guard and reserve personnel. Eliminating this program clearly sends the wrong message. The decision to leave or not to join one of the services has been determined in a large part on the perceived steady decline in the quality of life and benefits. To keep a fit, fighting force for the twenty-first century, we as a nation should find the money to pay for it. With so many problems, there is a need for many solutions. All branches of the military are establishing solutions, which in time will tell if they will be successful. The following describes some positive steps for the military, which should be helpful to many areas, and many people. According to Gen. Dick Hawley, Commander, Air Combat Command at Langley Air Force Base, VA, a huge step concerning the quality of life issue has been made by the Air Force. Currently, in Air Combat Command, they are giving almost 80 percent of their people four months notice of lengthy deployments, and almost never has anyone deployed from Air Combat Command with less than a month†s notice. In the past it was not unusual to get a one-week notice for a four-month deployment. This will significantly improve the stability and predictability of personal schedules so people can manage both their professional and personal lives. People can plan educational programs and family events more adequately. Another method used by the Air Force is team basing. Individuals being deployed to certain areas are deployed in teams. This method shows support and should be positive for the morale of their people. The Air Force also is trying to combat the retention problem through assignments, especially with the home-basing concept. With overseas assignments, their people are moving earlier than they would like. With the home-basing concept, this would give the opportunity to elect a home-base location after four to six years on active duty. The concept will allow members to remain at the base they choose for an extended number of years, possibly even until retirement. This doesn†t mean people would never leave. They may have to pull a short tour or go for training, but then they would return to the same base. This would allow families to build equity in homes, children could remain in the same schools, and spouses could keep their own jobs and careers. The longer notices of deployment would also give members time to complete or make arrangements for their continued education. The military strives on professional military education and provides excellent reimbursements for those who choose to further their education. It has become almost mandatory to have a master†s degree to make Lieutenant Colonel and Colonel, with approximately 98 percent of those selected having a master†s degree. The medical issues concerning Tricare are being looked at for possible changes for the better, along with increasing retirement benefits. The military is trying to improve Tricare to match the level of care authorized by the Federal Employees Health Benefit Program (FEHBP). If done, the cost share should cost the military beneficiary no more than those insured by FEHBP and should include, as a minimum, preventative care, dental care, and a universal (including mail-order) prescription drug service. The military retirement system has changed three times, and each time decreasing the benefit. It was last changed in 1986 and now only provides retirement pay based on 40 percent of the high three years of base pay. The issue is still in debate as whether or not to increase the retirement benefit back to 50 percent of base pay. This is a major issue in deciding whether to leave the military or to stay in longer and is also an issue when recruiting. In 1981, by way of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, U. S. Congress mandated that the Military Services, at least annually, provide each member a meaningful statement of total compensation, so that the member fully considers total compensation when making career decisions. The Department of the Navy, in particular, has established the Personal Statement of Military Compensation (PSMC). PSMC is a long term Navy project to give members, at least once a year, a summary of total earnings as an active duty member of the U. S. Navy. The total is made up of cash pays, allowances, and bonuses. The allowances include such things as on-base housing and meals, and benefits include commissaries, exchanges, and hospitals, as well as future benefits such as retirement pay and social security payments. Navy leaders support wholeheartedly the effort to get the full compensation story out to current and potential Navy members thereby contributing to the success of Navy retention and recruiting programs. With technological advancements growing, the military faces another problem with retention. Retention is necessary for essential positions of the military, in which members may choose to leave for whatever reason. One remedy put in place by the U. S. Office of Personnel Management is the Y2K Assistance for Agencies. This plan deals with recruiting and retaining Information Technology Professionals. The Office of Personnel Management states in their bulletin under agency-based flexibility, the procedure for retention allowances. It is stated that agencies have discretionary authority to make continuing (i. . , biweekly) payments of up to 25 percent of basic pay to individual employees and of up to 10 percent of basic pay to a group or category of employees based upon a determination by the agency that: (1) the unusually high or unique qualifications of the employees or a special need of the agency for the employees† services makes it essential to retain the employees; and (2) th e employee or a significant number of employees in the targeted category would be likely to leave the Federal Government (for any reason, including retirement) in the absence of a retention allowance. Retention allowances must be paid in accordance with the agency†s previously established retention allowance plan and must be reviewed and certified annually. Retention allowances are subject to the aggregate limitation on total pay, which is currently $151,800. Another retention technique, and also a way to increase overall morale, is by distributing performance and incentive awards. Agencies within the military have discretionary authority to grant an employee a lump-sum cash award based on a â€Å"Fully Successful† or better rating of record or in recognition of accomplishments that contribute to the efficiency, economy, or other improvement of Government operations. Awards can be tied to specific achievements such as meeting milestones that are identified as part of the work needed to achieve Year 2000 conversion goals. Cash awards do not increase an employee†s basic pay. Awards based on the rating of record can be up to 10 percent of salary, or up to 20 percent for exceptional performance, provided the award does not exceed $10,000 per employee. On January 5, 1999, at a hearing of the Senate Armed Services Committee, Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Michael E. Ryan called for an additional $30 billion more in Air Force spending dedicated to the readiness program over the next five years. This was in addition to the President†s already proposed injection of $110 billion into the Pentagon†s budget for the readiness program to boost mission capability rates. The service chiefs also urged Congress to press ahead with the President†s previously announced FY 2000 overall 4. 4 percent pay raises, additional targeted pay raises for mid-grade officers and noncommissioned officers and restoration of retirement benefits to 50 percent of base pay for 20 years of service. This confirms to current and potential members of the military that programs are in place to upgrade overall qualities of the military life. According to the U. S. General Accounting Office, more than 30 percent of first term sailors and Marines do not complete the first term of service, many for reasons that relate to poor screening rather than quality of life issues. Although quality of life issues are still considered among the most important when discussing retention, the most useful future research on quality of life issues should connect both objective and subjective variables to militarily relevant outcomes. Issues such as actual retention, on-the-job performance, and overall duty performance, and ultimately readiness and combat performance need to be looked at. Currently, only a fraction of the quality of life research makes the connection between the inputs and these outcomes. Most of this research has focused only on retention. Researchers need to use or to develop metrics that indicate the fighting effectiveness of the military, and then to identify which quality of life programs influence these measures of effectiveness. This, along with more funding, and awareness of military life and its qualities will enhance the future of the military. The data collected came from a simple survey (Appendix A). In all, 114 surveys were collected over a period of 12 days. There was not a particular target group, as the retention problem appears to be spread among service members of all ranks. The only criterion was that individuals had to be at least half way through his/her first enlistment or period of obligated service. This would have given them ample time to be exposed to military life and form an opinion as to whether they would continue serving in the military. Some of the individuals answering the survey seemed reluctant to provide their name, especially when they read the portion of the survey concerning dissatisfying aspects of military service. Many questioned who would see the survey, and only filled it out after they were assured that the information would not be seen by anyone outside the research group. Once the data was collected, it was categorized based on branch of service and whether the individual was on officer or enlisted. Due to the proximity of bases in the area, members of the United States Navy and Marine Corps filled out the majority of surveys. Members of the United States Air Force filled out the remainder of the surveys. The Army was not represented. The results of the survey can be found in Appendix B. While the total number of surveys collected represents less than one tenth of one percent of the total number of people currently on active duty, it does provide some useful data in terms of why there is a growing amount of dissatisfaction among military members. Respondents were put into one of four categories: Navy/Marine Officer; Navy/Marine Enlisted; Air Force Officer; and Air Force Enlisted. Most categories balanced as expected with the exception of two – average age and average time in service for Air Force enlisted members. Both were higher than expected due to a relatively large number of senior-enlisted within the group. When asked what the primary reason for joining the military was, sixty-two percent (62%) answered â€Å"to serve my country† or some variation of that statement. Eleven percent (11%) responded that they joined to have a job or career. Ten percent (10%) answered that they joined because of the opportunity to travel, while an additional ten percent (10%) said they joined as a means toward receiving a higher education. Relating these responses to Maslow†s Need Hierarchy, it can be said that military service, in some way, for some people, satisfies one or more of those needs. Service to country, making what they feel is a meaningful contribution, satisfies the inner need for self-actualization. The military is often viewed as a log-term commitment or even life-long career, with a high degree of job security. Although there have been numerous reductions-in-force (RIFs) over the years due to a steadily declining budget, the military is still seen as an organization where its members can stay for as long as they desire. This, according to Maslow, would satisfy the need for security. The opportunity to further one†s education and to travel fulfills the need for self-esteem. Ever since the Gulf War, the public†s opinion of those in the military has risen significantly in the favorable direction. All of these contribute to positive feelings by military members and help satisfy the need for self-esteem. When asked which aspects of military service were most satisfying, the most common answer, by far, was making friends. Again, when relating this to the Need Hierarchy, the social need is the only one that cannot be met by an individual. It is reasonable to assume that this need is important because of the unique type of demands military service puts on a family. The majority of service members have to re-locate, on average, every three years. This equates to a new home, new jobs, and new schools for everyone. Even though a service member might choose to serve 20 years, he has more than likely moved at least 6 times, unlike his civilian counterpart, who in 20 years may have never moved once. The second most common response regarding satisfying aspects was the opportunity to travel. Again, moving every 3 years, gives personnel ample opportunity to live in a variety of locations both stateside and abroad. There are many bases throughout the world. Getting stationed in some of the more desirable areas certainly makes the idea of relocating easier. If an individual is assigned to a deploying unit, he/she can expect to go to different areas, as required, for duration of a few days to as long as six months. This is not always seen as a satisfying aspect and the negative side of this will be discussed later. Also, certain â€Å"perks† such as the use of Air Mobility Command (AMC), provides the ability to travel all over the world on a space available basis with little or no cost to personnel. We also asked military personnel what the three most dissatisfying aspects of being in the military were. Due to the differences in military branch, rank, time in service, and age, we received a variety of reasons. Like any other survey we received some questionable responses, such as not being able to smoke pot (marijuana) and having to wear a uniform everyday. At times it was hard to distinguish whether these responses were serious. On the other hand, we also received many valid reasons. From the results of the 114 surveys we got back, it was determined that the three most common dissatisfying aspects of being in the military were: family separation, poor leadership, and eroding benefits. Family separation is of great concern for the majority of military members, particularly those who are married. Military members can be assigned permanent change of station (PCS) orders unaccompanied (without spouse or other dependents) for up to 15 months or they can be sent to numerous short notice deployments. Whether they are Navy, Marines, or Air Force, they are sent away from their families an average of 40% to 50% percent of the year. Some examples of these separations were provided on the additional comments section. For Navy personnel, they had to be away from their families for approximately 6 months in order to fulfill their ship/sea duty as required by the Navy. In some instances, such as for pilots, they were re-deployed from the carriers to different locations for unspecified lengths of time. For Marines, they were also tasked for numerous deployments through out the year without knowing how long they would be gone. The Marine pilots were also in the same position as the Navy pilots, as they usually train together on aircraft carriers. For Air Force personnel, the situation was similar. Numerous deployments throughout the year to different bases, such as Southwest Asia, which are at least 4 months long, seem to be very unpopular among military members. These deployments are usually to remote places half way around the world where living conditions are very poor. Some locations don†t even provide individuals a way to communicate back to their families. These situations take a toll on marriages. Several surveys indicated that these types of constant deployments contributed to military members being divorced at least two or three times throughout their military careers. For single military members, being away from their home stations also made it impossible for them to go home on leave to visit their families. Many of the young, single enlisted members said it was difficult not to be able to go home for holidays, but rather having to spend them alone at deployed locations. In some instances, it was impossible for military members to go home at times of emergency, such as severe illness or death of an immediate family member. These situations are hard enough and family separation only makes them more difficult. There are numerous reasons why deployments or unaccompanied permanent change of stations (PCS†s) can cause hardships on military members but the main dissatisfaction is family separation. Poor Leadership is another popular dissatisfying aspect of being in the military. Just like any organization, you are going to have a few managers/leaders that are not very popular among employees. In the military, managers or leaders are appointed differently than in traditional civilian organizations. Supervisors or leaders are appointed according to rank. For example, if somebody is newly appointed to your section and he or she is the highest- ranking person there, they are usually the ones in charge of the section. For this reason, you might get a good leader that knows how to treat people and take care of business, or you might get the â€Å"micro-managing† leader that is just looking out for him/herself in order to get a promotion or favorable evaluation. This type of leadership is found in every position throughout the military. It can range from one†s immediate supervisor, to shop chief, flight chief, section commander, squadron commander and so on. Since one of the main goals of every military member is to achieve the highest rank possible, criticizing or speaking out against poor leadership can be detrimental to one†s career advancement. One of the main complaints about leadership, according to those answering the survey, is that leadership does not remain constant. People, usually those in leadership positions that are trying to â€Å"get a check in the block† for the next promotion, can be assigned to a duty station or duty section anywhere from one to three or more years. These leaders usually try to quick-fix existing problems or they leave them for the person replacing them. This results in work sections getting a mix of management styles. The assigned personnel that remain are the ones that have to endure this. They might get good leaders for short periods of time and then have them replaced by bad leaders and so on throughout their assignment. Yet another example of poor leadership, according to surveyees, are those who â€Å"brown-nose† or â€Å"suck-up† to leaders in the organizations. These are leaders that are afraid or not willing to make suggestions to superiors on how to fix organizational problems. They would rather blindly do as their superiors tell them. These leaders or â€Å"politicians†, as stated before, are just looking out for themselves. Eroding benefits was the third most common dissatisfying aspect of being in the military. According to those â€Å"career† military members that have been in over ten years, military benefits have been cut back drastically over the past few years. Those members that joined the military within the last few years do not have the same benefits that those that joined over ten years ago do. For example, the amount of retirement pay after 20 years of service is 50% of base pay for those that joined prior to 1986 and 40% for those that have joined since. Another major complaint is that medical benefits and the quality of medical care have been decreasing every year. Another source of dissatisfaction is that training opportunities or assignment preferences are not available anymore. Some personnel feel stuck in certain locations, and it denies them one of the major reasons for joining in the first place – an opportunity to travel. While some personnel enjoy the stability of not having to move as much, there are many who like to move at the end of their tour and move on to another location. Military members see cutbacks as the major reason for increased family separation, decreasing benefits, and the development and advancement of poor leaders. Over the last several years, the military has gone through a massive downsizing. This resulted in having to continuously do more with less. The operations tempo of many flying squadrons increased and due to under-manning, assigned personnel has to constantly go on deployments. Promotions are now harder to come by because now there are many people competing for fewer positions. The cutbacks in the military budget have caused the closing of many military installations around the world. Military members viewed many of these installations as benefits because they were considered popular assignment preferences. These assignments were in popular spots around the world that were, for some members, reason to join the military in order to get there. There are various reasons individuals are deciding to voluntarily leave the military. Despite relatively high job security and increasing monetary incentives, many do not feel this is compensation enough to have to endure the increasing hardships put upon them. What can the military do to retain personnel? The government must start by addressing the numerous quality of life issues that military members currently face. Merely offering more money to people will entice some to stay, but the reason most people joined in the first place had nothing to do with money. It is a well-known fact, verified by numerous studies, that a pay gap exists between military members and what would be considered their equivalent civilian counterpart. Until these issues are addressed and personnel start to see a real change in operations and personnel tempo, the military is going to continue to see good people leave its ranks. How to cite Abstract Views on Military Retention, Essay examples

The Conclusion of Guilt Essay Example

The Conclusion of Guilt Essay The many different works of Edgar Allan Poe all aim to do one thing. Strike fear into the heart of the reader. Simple, yet effective, he expresses fear through these many different themes and motifs. In many of Poes works he describes the evil drive in men to kill and commit sin. He likes to focus on the downward spiral of the human race instead of romanticising them. The guilt of the narrator is a major theme in ‘‘The Tell-Tale Heart. ’’ The major symbol is the beating heart. Poe chooses a heartbeat because it is human and maddengly persistant.The thematic subject may be guilt, but the theme is that the human heart cannot endure the burden of guilt, especially in the case of murder. The guilty must confess somehow or be consumed by his or her conscience. Our narrator has this strange capacity throughout the text to hear a heartbeat. This seems to haunt him, but a greater label for the repeated disturbance would be guilt. Having killed someone close to him, he tells on himself but it is hard to identify what occurs as remorse, a feeling we would expect for such a crime so we have to turn to insanity.Poes short stories often have a single, unifited theme that reaches the reader through diction, characterization, plot, dialogue and other elements. The theme of this story might be guilt. The corpse invariably symbolizes some flawed portion of the narrators personality in this case, his inability to see the world with a clear eye and the house represents the narrator himself. Burying the corpse within the house represents the narrators attempt to bury his flaws rather than dealing with them. and thinks he has freedom from guilt, the feeling of guilt over the murder is too overwhelming to bear.The narrator cannot tolerate it and eventually confesses his supposed perfect; crime. The emotion of guilt easily, if not eventually, crashes through the seemingly unbreakable walls of insanity. I believe that the theme of â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart † is that all human beings are more than capable of committing senseless crimes, but the guilt will always linger and serve as punishment. This shows how guilt also torments humans after they commit any kind of crime or senseless deed. The readers can also see how the guilt torments the narrator through his inner thoughts.The narrator describes how he is feeling when he hears the heartbeat and suspects that the police must hear it too. â€Å"I felt that I must scream or die! — and now –again – hark! louder! louder! louder! LOUDER! — † (Poe n. pag). If this story had been written in another point of view, it would have most definitely not been effective in conveying the theme of guilt. The reader needs to be aware of the thoughts and feelings of the narrator in order to understand how he is hearing the heartbeat of the man in his head.