The Discovery Of The Moon - 1360 Words

Prologue The evening sky flashed with an array of lights, shimmering from fiery pink to dark purple, as the twin suns slowly began to sink below the horizon. The soft white clouds floated along the purple sky, succumbing to the blanket of darkness that arose along with the alien night. The cratered moon arose from the boundaries of sight, large and with an inherent cosmic beauty. The large rings of the planet casted shadows upon the land, dousing whatever was left alight with the soothing darkness. As the suns finally slipped away, the land was plunged into darkness. A distant galaxy appeared in the sky, with it’s wondrous arms extending into the void of the universe. The arms were milky white, radiating with the combination of all the†¦show more content†¦The moss and algae that had grown some ways from the river received their fair share of water, becoming engorged and moist with the rain. Soon enough, the rain ceased it’s downpour upon the rock. Miles and miles of wet eroded land stretched on, with water collecting and falling along its sides like raindrops collecting on a window. New life was birthed from the rain, with algae and moss growing from the beneficial levels of water along the ground. The river sputtered on, crashing against the rocks and breaking away the loose sediments. All seemed peaceful in the land, as the primitive life of algae, moss, and unicellular species in the water flourishes like a jungle. Alas, the planet was going to be a new sight for a species that had never set foot on it, and was not even conceived upon it. The sleek figure of a metallic construct glided along the black skies, wet from the earlier cascade of water. It’s back spewed blue-hot fire, as jetstreams formed along the wings of the construct. On the front was a jagged nose and a reflective window, jet black from the outside. It smoothly flew, graceful and elegant like a hawk upon the sky. As it flew, the moon hung ominously over the metallic craft. It seemingly swallowed the distant sputters of light from the stars into it’s voluminous width. The craft stooped lower and lower from the sky, until it started to blow away the weak fragments of rockShow MoreRelatedThe Discovery Of The Moons Essay2194 Words   |  9 Pages The moons shined. Waves slurped the beach and piddled out to sea. And two boys shoved a canoe, carving a little trench in the sand. â€Å"Crazy that it can float.† Dinis said bending his back, trying not to breath too hard. â€Å"Right.† Said Kaiden, tall and plump. â€Å"But we don t gotta push it no more, get in.† Dinis sat down facing the sea and Kaiden pushed them out and began to row. 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Symptoms And Treatment Of Cancer - 2184 Words

Capecitabine (Xeloda ®) Introduction Cancer is a disease caused by an uncontrollable increase in rate of cell division often leading to abnormal cell sizes and cell counts ultimately causing detrimental effects on cellular function especially if it has the ability to evade many treatments, as cancer has been proven to be quite adaptable. The path to curing cancer has been a long and expensive one, and while the discovery of a universal cure is currently being pursued, several treatments have been discovered and designed to treat the various subtypes of cancer . Capecitabine (Xeloda ®); a fluoropyrimidine carbamate is an orally-administered chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of colorectal cancer, when single-agent fluoropirimidine†¦show more content†¦Capecitabine first undergoes conversion to 5†²-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine (5’-DFCR) by carboxylesterase in the liver. 5’-DFCR then undergoes metabolic conversion to 5†²-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5’-DFUR) by cytidine deaminase in the liver and tumor which is then converted to the cytotoxic metabolite, 5-FU by dThdPase in tumor tissues . Figure 1: Metabolic conversion of capecitabine to fluorouracil (FU). 5†²-DFCR: 5†²-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine, 5†²-DFUR: 5†²-deoxy-5-fluorouridine, 5-FU: 5-fluoro uracil, CE: carboxylesterase, CyD: cytidine deaminase . 5-fluorouracil is converted to fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate, which binds to the enzyme thymidylate synthase; its normal substrate is uridine monophosphate. This enzyme methylates deoxyuridine monophosphate to thymidylate; precursor to thymidine triphosphate. Inhibition of thymidylate synthesis blocks DNA production and halts cell division. 5-fluorouracil is also incorporated into RNA where it obstructs RNA processing and protein synthesis. Although capecitabine is toxic to normal host cells, it is much more deadly to tumour cells because of their faster rates of metabolism and cell division . 5-FU acts as a mimic of uracil; a building block for RNA and DNA synthesis, the only difference is the extra fluorine atom (Figure 2). Although 5-fluorouracil is a potent anti-proliferative agent it used mainly for intravenous infusion therapy due to its low bioavailability and short half-life making capecitabine a more favourable drug

Pr Elements and Functions Free Essays

5. Programme Elements. PR is skill oriented profession. We will write a custom essay sample on Pr Elements and Functions or any similar topic only for you Order Now Major elements are:- (a)Media relations. (b)Advertising and advertorials. (c)Audio-visual production. (d)Brochures. (e)Briefing papers. (f)Corporate identity. (g)Exhibitions and displays, (h)House journals, news letters and bulletins. (j)Photography. (k)Presentation, conference and seminars. (l)Research (public opinion). (m)Sponsorships. (n)Websites – internet, email communication in PR programme, PR TV, PR radio and PR film. 6. Merit In-House Department. (a)Integral so known to all other department. Better communication for collection of information. (b)Permanent employees so understand company more closely. Can respond immediately and involve in day to day operation (c)Easy to collect background material easily.. House journal, annual report, corporate frofile, documentary easily made. (d)Will be on the spot in crisis situation. (e)Full time service without additional expenditure. (f)More economical. Can dovetail materials used. 7. Limitations In-House PR Department. (a)Being employee uncritical and biased. b)Can not have varied experience. (c)Transfers so continuity suffers. (d)Sometimes drawn without training and education so tend to be non-professional Management of PR Department 1. Good management principles are most essentials for good PR. Basic elements to manage PR Department 1. Basic Structure of PR Department affects implementation of PR management.. 2. PR Practice. In India three methods – In-House PR department, PR consultancy (can result in maximum expertise) and mix oftwo suitable for large organisations.. PR Consultancy. 3. PR Department. Size related to size of organisation. 4. PR as Top Management. PR should have a voice to shape mission and strategic planning. Director should report to CEO. 5. Areas of PR Department. Sectors of PR Department are:- (a)Employees PR (b)Financial and shareholders PR (c)Suppliers Relations (d)Distributors and dealers PR (e)Customers Relations management (f)Marketing PR (g)Govt Relations. (h)Crisis management (j)Corporate advertising k)Reputation management and media relations management. (l)communityRelations and social responsibility 6. Major Events. Company centenary celebration, new product launch, Company merger. Advance planning is key. Checklist to include objectives, audience, budget, detailed programme, messages, venue, date and time, invitation forma list of invitee, catering, PA system, lighting, flower, commentator, seating table plan, minute to minute programme, media coverage, photo video coverage, rehearsals. . Functions of PR Department . (a)Interpret public opinion. (b)Keep management informed. (c)Conduct opinion research. (d)Carryout PR programme. (e)Inform public. (f)Identify adverse criticism. (g)Issue clarifications. (h)House journal. (j)Training in PR. (k)Employee cooperation programme. (l)Open house programmes. 8. Feedback is an important facet. How to cite Pr Elements and Functions, Papers

Claudius Hamlet, Would The Inhumane And Sick Character Please Step F Essay Example For Students

Claudius Hamlet, Would The Inhumane And Sick Character Please Step F Essay orth. Upon reading the sampling of Hamlet criticisms in John Jumps Hamlet (Selections) I disagreed with a few of the critics, but my analysis was the most different from Wilson Knights interpretation. He labels Hamlet as a sick, cynical, and inhumane prince (Jump, 124) who vitiated a Denmark which was one of healthy and robust life, good-nature, humor, romantic strength, and welfare. In his book, The Wheel of Fire, he continues this line of thought to conclude that Claudius is a good and gentle king, enmeshed by the chain of causality linking him with his crime. And this chain he might, perhaps, have broken except for Hamlet (Jump, 125). Although Knights views of Hamlet and Claudius are almost the extreme opposite of my interpretation, I understand how he developed this interpretation. Hamlet becomes sick and cynical after the death of his father, whom he greatly admired, and the hasty remarriage of his mother to his uncle. Hamlet thinks his father was an excellent king, who loved his mother so much that he may might not beteem the winds of heaven/ Visit her face to roughly (I, ii, 140-141). However, his mother mourned for a little month and then she married a man who was no more like father/ Than to Hercules (I, ii, 153-152). These extraordinary events cause him to launch into a state of melancholy and depression in which he desires that this too too solid flesh would melt (I, ii, 129). In this melancholy, Hamlet loses becomes disenchanted with life, and to him the world seems weary, stale, flat, and unprofitable (I, ii, 133). Later in the most famous of his soliloquys, Hamlet contemplates committing suicide becau se he is troubled by the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune (III, i, 58). His disinterest for life, and his wishes for death are a definite indications of Hamlets sickness. Hamlets sickness is also shown through his strong relationship, bordering on obsession, with his mother. Throughout the play he constantly worries about her, and becomes angry when thinking of her relationship with Claudius. In his first soliloquy, Hamlet becomes enraged when he thinks about her incestuous sheet, and in frustration he makes the irrational generalization that, Frailty, thy name is woman! (I, ii, 146). In the closet scene, Hamlet treats his mother cruelly, and he accuses her of being involved in the plot to kill his father. Once again, he dwells on her enseamd bed/ Stewd in corruption (III, iv, 92-93). In his parting words to Gertrude, Hamlet instructs her to not let the bloat king tempt you again to his bed. (III, iv, 182). He is overly concerned with his mothers relationship with Claudius, and this is just a part of his complex sickness. Wilson Knight also claims that Hamlet is inhumane. This is clearly demonstrated through his relationship with the fair Ophelia. Hamlet originally professes his love for Ophelia during his visitations to her closet, and through the love letter which he writes to her. However, during the nunnery scene, when Ophelia tries to return Hamlets gifts, he retorts I never gave you aught, (III, i, 97) and he goes on to tell her, I loved you not (III, i, 119). Later in this scene he tells Ophelia that she should go to a nunnery. He viciously insults the women whom he said he loved, and this greatly disturbs her. During The Mousetrap, Hamlet once again has no regard for Ophelias feelings, and he mocks her by putting his head in her lap and bantering with her. Hamlet is also responsible for the death of Ophelias father, Polonius. In the closet scene, Hamlet mistook her father for the king, and he fatally stabbed him. Gertrude called this a rash and bloody deed (III, iii, 27). He later shows that h e has no remorse for this inhumane actions when he tells Claudius that Polonius is at suppernot where he eats, but where he is eaten (IV, ii, 18-20). Hamlets harsh and cruel treatment of Ophelia and his murder of her father lead to the madness which eventually overtook her. She became distraught by Hamlets rejection and the death of her father. This madness caused her to commit suicide by jumping from the bridge. Therefore, Hamlet can be held responsible for her death. If he hadnt treated her in such a cruel manner, her life would not have ended so soon. Hamlet also reveals an inhumane and cynical side at the grave scene. When Laertes proclaims his love for Ophelia and his sorrow for her death, Hamlet rushes from his concealment and jumps into the grave after Laertes. Hamlet insults Laertes when he states, Forty thousand brothers/ Could not, with all their quantity of love,/ Make up my sum (V, i, 234-236). He is so cynical that he doubts that Laertes is sincere, even though there is no proof that Laertes is not being perfectly honest. His concern for his sister was shown when he gives her brotherly advice before he goes away. At the funeral when the priest implies that Ophelia should be buried in ground unsanctified have logd, (V, i, 239) Laertes protests, and he claims that Ophelia shall become a ministering angel (V, i, 251). Hamlet had no right to doubt Laertes and to challenge him at this time of great grief, but Hamlet has become so cynical that he has no regards for Laertes, and he intervenes and causes a fight. Wilson Knight also states that Denmark was place of healthy and robust life, good-nature, humour, romantic strength, and welfare (Jump, 125). The two clowns of act five, scene one display the general welfare of the state. The clowns, as in most Shakespearean plays, are symbols of the common people of the land. When we first encounter the clowns they are discussing the circumstances of Ophelias death, but they soon begin to joke with each other in a merry fashion, and the First Clown tells the Second Clown a joke. Later in the scene, the First Clown engages into his work and he sings an amusing song. This indicates that the common people are relatively satisfied, and they are in the position where they can appreciate humor and find some enjoyment from their lives. Lord of the Flies Analysis EssayAnother point to counter Knights claim that Hamlet is inhumane is the Princes relationship with the scholar Horatio. Horatio is Hamlets friend from Wittenberg who comes to Elsinore to see Old Hamlets funeral. He is a noble stoic who is by far the most pure character in the play. Horatio is one of the few characters who never tries to deceive anyone, and who doesnt get involved in any crooked plots. Before the Mousetrap, Hamlet calls Horatio as just a man/ As eer conversation copd withal (III, ii, 55-56). This connection between Hamlet and Horatio is so strong that at the end of the play when Hamlet is dying, Horatio is moved to attempt suicide because he is more an antique Roman than a Dane (V, ii, 345). The strong connection between Horatio and Hamlet is important because the pure and wise Horatio would not associate himself with a a sick, cynical, and inhumane prince. This is further evidence which casts doubt upon Knights analysis of Hamlet. Wilson Knight also suggests that the state of Denmark is one of healthy and robust life, good-nature, humor, romantic strength, and welfare. (Jump, 125). However, there are a great deal of textual evidence which indicates that this is an incorrect conclusion. When Bernardo and Francisco are keeping guard, Francisco notes that tis bitter cold,/ And I am sick at heart (I, i, 7-8). The guards are representative of the common people of Denmark, and his comment can be interpreted that the entire state of Denmark is sick at heart due to the recent death of Old Hamlet and Claudius ascension to the thrown. Upon seeing the ghost of Old Hamlet, Horatio comments, This bodes some strange eruption to our state (I, i, 69). Even the scholar who was hesitant to believe in ghosts is now convinced that Denmark is headed for trouble. After the ghost makes his second appearance, Marcellus notes, Something is rotten in the state of Denmark (I, iv, 90). Theses observations in the first act are clear indic ations that Denmark has transformed into a state of chaos. The most glaring weakness of Wilson Knights interpretation of Hamlet is his conclusion that Claudius is a good and gentle king, enmeshed by the chain of causality linking him with his crime (Jump, 125). Knight dismisses the murder of Old Hamlet too easily. As John Jump states, Claudius was no impulsive offender, suddenly acting our of character. He deliberately and treacherously poisoned his mistresss husband, a man who was his brother and his king (Jump, 125). Claudius is saddled with the responsibility for the murder of Old Hamlet, but he does not even consider repenting until the he realizes that Hamlet is planning to seek revenge. However, when he thinks about repent, he wonders May one be pardond and retain the offence? (III, iii, 67). Claudius sees the benefits of repenting, yet he does not want to give up the prizes of his sin. Ultimately, Claudius rises and his thoughts remain below even though his words fly up (III, iii, 98-99). The King is unable to repent because his praye rs are insincere. Is this a good and gentle king?Not only is Claudius unable to repent, but throughout the play he is extremely manipulative of many of the other characters. When Laertes challenges that Claudius is responsible for the madness of his sister and the death of his father, Claudius deftly avoids the situation, and he forms an alliance with Laertes. Claudius suggests that Laertes uses, A sword unbated, and, in a pass of practice/ Requite for your father (IV, vii, 137-138). Cladius further thickens the plot by adding that he will prepare a chalice for the nonce, where on but sipping/ If he by chance escapes venomd stuck,/ purpose may hold there (IV, vii, 159-161). Claudius engineers this vicious plot, and it results in the death of Laertes, Hamlet, and Gertrude. During his reign the kind and gentle King concocted a plot which resulted in the death of three members of the Danish royalty, he murdered his brother, the former King of Denmark, and entered into an incestuous relationship with his brothers wife. While constructing Wilson Knights argument, I gained a full understanding of how he derived his interpretation of the play, and I began to support his interpretation. However, as I began to deconstruct his argument, I realized that there are many weaknesses to his interpretation, and I realized the strengths of my interpretation. This is the challenge of literature. It can be interpreted in so many different manners, and at times the vastly different interpretations can greatly confuse students. It is the students responsibility to take criticisms into consideration, but to derive their own unique interpretation based upon their studies.